As this argument implies that abjection is gendered, the thesis will also compare the experiences of abjection in Brontë’s male characters with her female ones, fleshing out the gendered dimension of hatred and showing that an implicit critique of Victorian gender ideology can be read through this account of gender difference. The significance of this reading will then be explored by using the concept of abjection together with biographical evidence to read hatred in Brontë’s other works, showing that Jane can be read as representing Brontë’s woman subject. The reading of hatred will take mainly a psychoanalytical stance, using Kristeva’s theory of abjection to suggest that Jane experiences hatred because of abjection. It will be arguing that hatred is essential to Jane’s subjectivity, thus shifting the focus of previous criticism from Bertha Mason back to Jane Eyre. This thesis hopes to give special significance to the emotion of hatred in Jane Eyre by exploring the significance of hatred in the novel. The Brontës' home at Haworth Parsonage has become a museum that is visited by thousands of pilgrims each year. Their novels have inspired an unrivalled number of homage works in fiction, theater, film, poetry, and music and are translated and read all over the world today. As Marianne Thormählen states, the scholarly insistence as well upon imbricating the Brontës' lives and work is a part of " the uniqueness of the Bronte phenomenon " (Introduction, The Brontës in Context, 2012, 1). The dramatic emotional power of the Bronte sisters' work, the originality of their genius, and the suffering and tragedy of their brief lives has won them passionate readers who are as devoted to knowing the sisters' history as to studying their art. Charlotte, Anne, and their brother Branwell also wrote fine poetry, and Emily was a brilliant poet. Charlotte and her younger sisters Emily and Anne are unique in the history of English literature in their status as the only three children from one family who have all written great English novels.
Charlotte Brontë (1816-1855) was a novelist of extraordinary power who introduced into English literature a new tone of anguished passion coupled with an urgent sense of deprivation and abandonment.
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